The Courtenay deposit consists of shale (formerly of the Trent River Formation) of the Upper Cretaceous Nanaimo Group, Haslam Formation. Samples of the shale were collected from the banks of the Puntledge River in the town of Courtenay and sent to a ceramics laboratory for testing. The Geological Survey of Canada Summary Report for 1922 tabulates the characteristics of the material as fired bricklets. As a result of the testing the shale was found to be suitable for the manufacture of building bricks, hollow ware and dry-press facebrick.